The silent period hypothesis is the idea that when a language is learned, there should be a period in which the learner is not expected to actively produce any language.
The silent way is a methodology of teaching language based on the idea that teachers should be as silent as possible during a class but learners should be encouraged to speak as much as possible.
Socio-cultural context refers to the idea that language, rather than existing in isolation, is closely linked to the culture and society in which it is used.