See a list of terms and descriptions A-C from the Teaching Knowledge Database

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Autonomy

Autonomy means the ability to take control of one's own learning, independently or in collaboration with others.

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Auxiliary verb

Auxiliary verbs are added to main verbs to make them work in other forms, such as questions, negatives, and other times.

Students in Kenya looking at images on a whiteboard

Awareness-raising

Awareness-raising activities aim to make learners more aware of language and so improve their understanding, but do not involve learners in using the language themselves.

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Backchaining

Backchaining is a drilling technique intended to help learners pronounce difficult sound groups, words or phrases.

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Blending

Blending is one of the many ways new words are made in English.

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Blog

A blog, or weblog, is a website which functions as a diary or personal journal.

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Bottom up

Bottom-up processing happens when someone tries to understand language by looking at individual meanings or grammatical characteristics of the most basic units of the text, (e.g. sounds for a listening or words for a reading), and moves from these to trying to understand the whole text.

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Brainstorming

Brainstorming is the random generation of ideas based around a topic.

Research and insight

Browse fascinating case studies, research papers, publications and books by researchers and ELT experts from around the world.

See our publications, research and insight