It can also be compared to peer assessment.
Example
Learner portfolios often include a form of self-assessment, such as a checklist that relates to the completion of the learning aims. For a writing task, this might be a list of questions such as: Have you included an introduction? Have you got clear paragraphs? Does each paragraph cover one main idea?
In the classroom
Like all forms of evaluation, self-assessment needs clear criteria in order for it to work. Learners can be encouraged to participate, by developing assessment criteria together. This helps them become aware of what they have to work on.
Further links:
https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/peer-self-assessment
https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/assessment-learning
https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/counselling-learners
https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/blogs/larry-ferlazzo/larry-ferlazzo-strategies-self-assessment
https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/blogs/madhu-tiwari/self-assessments-students