The idea is that learners speak to lots of different classmates in this activity.
Example
The class have been reading about things that are bad for their health and now conduct a class survey to find out who in the class has these unhealthy habits. They do this by choosing a question each to ask all the other learners, then collating this information.
In the classroom
Class surveys can have various aims and functions: as warmers, as ice-breakers for new classes, as pre-reading activities, to provide freer practice of target language, as tasks etc. The key qualities of surveys are that they are communicative and dynamic.
Further links: